Carbon Monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless,
deadly gas. It can kill you before you know it because you can't
see it, taste it or smell it. At lower levels of exposure, it
can cause health problems. Some people may be more vulnerable
to CO poisoning such as fetuses, infants, children, senior citizens
and those with heart or lung problems. When CO is breathed in
by an individual, it accumulates in the blood and forms a toxic
compound known as carboxyhemoglobin (COHb). Hemoglobin carries
oxygen in the bloodstream to cells and tissues. Carbon monoxide
attaches itself to hemoglobin and displaces the oxygen that the
body organs need.
Carboxyhemoglobin can cause headaches, fatigue,
nausea, dizzy spells, confusion and irritability. Later stages
of CO poisoning can cause vomiting, loss of consciousness and
eventually brain damage or death.
Carbon monoxide is a by-product of combustion of
fossil fuels. Fumes from automobiles contain high levels of CO.
Appliances such as furnaces, space heaters, clothes dryers, ranges,
ovens, water heaters, charcoal grills, fireplaces and wood burning
stoves produce CO. Carbon monoxide usually is vented to the outside
if appliances function correctly and the home is vented properly.
Problems occur when furnace heat exchanger crack or vents and
chimneys become blocked. Insulation sometimes can trap CO in the
home.
The Grand Junction Fire Department recommend installing
at least one carbon monoxide detector with an audible alarm near
the bedrooms. If a home has more than one story, a detector should
be placed on each story. Be sure the detector has a testing laboratory
label.
PLACEMENT OF CARBON MONOXIDE
DETECTORS IMPORTANT
Proper placement of a carbon monoxide detector is
important. If you are installing only one carbon monoxide detector,
the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) recommends it be
located near the sleeping area, where it can wake you if you are
asleep. Additional detectors on every level and in every bedroom
of a home provides extra protection.
Homeowners should remember not to install carbon
monoxide detectors directly above or beside fuel-burning appliances,
as appliances may emit a small amount of carbon monoxide upon
start-up. A detector should not be placed within fifteen feet
of heating or cooking appliances or in or near very humid areas
such as bathrooms.
When considering where to place a carbon monoxide
detector, keep in mind that although carbon monoxide is roughly
the same weight as air (carbon monoxide's specific gravity is
0.9657, as stated by the EPA; the National Resource Council lists
the specific gravity of air as one), it may be contained in warm
air coming from combustion appliances such as home heating equipment.
If this is the case, carbon monoxide will rise with the warmer
air.
Some Problem Sources of CO
in the Home: